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Specimens were tested in edgewise and flatwise bending to establish the characteristic value. Data from quality control (QC) tests were used to establish the applicable coefficient of variation, CV_w, and the reliability normalization factor from CSA O86 was used to determine the specified strength.

Specimens were tested in shear to establish the characteristic value. Data from QC tests were used to establish the applicable coefficient of variation, CV_w, and the reliability normalization factor from CSA O86 was used to determine the specified strength.

Specimens were tested in compression parallel to the grain to establish the characteristic value. Data from QC tests were used to establish the applicable coefficient of variation, CV_w, and the reliability normalization factor from CSA O86 was used to determine the specified strength.

Specimens were tested in compression perpendicular to the grain to establish the characteristic value. The characteristic value was multiplied by 1.09 to establish the specified strength in accordance with CSA O86.

Specimens were tested in tension to establish the characteristic value (adjusted to 20-ft. gauge length). Data from QC tests were used to establish the applicable coefficient of variation, CV_w, and the reliability normalization factor from CSA O86 was used to determine the specified strength.

Nail withdrawal values were established following ASTM D 1761, "Mechanical Fasteners in Wood," for an 8d common nail having a 31.75-mm penetration. Specimens were tested and equivalent species capacity was determined in accordance with ASTM D 5456, A2.4.

Dowel bearing strength was determined as per ASTM D 5764, "Dowel-Bearing Strength of Wood and Wood-Based Products," using 10d common nails with a nominal diameter of 3.76 mm and a lead hole diameter of 2.77 mm. Specimens were tested and the mean bearing capacity was used to establish the equivalent species capacity as per ASTM D 5456, A2.5.

Bolt bearing capacity was determined as per ASTM D 5764 using 12.5-mm- and 19.0-mm-diameter bolts.

Creep testing was conducted in accordance with the CCMC creep and recovery test. After conditioning of the specimens, the creep and recovery performance was considered favourable. Long-term creep testing was also conducted, which demonstrated equivalency to duration of load behaviour of lumber.

The adhesive complies with CSA O112.6-M1977, "Phenol and Phenol-Resorcinol Resin Adhesives for Wood (High-Temperature Curing)" (see CCMC 13019-L). The heat durability of the adhesive was confirmed using ASTM D 7247-07ae1 according to ASTM D 5456-10a.